Growth of bulk β-Ga2O3 single crystals by the Czochralski method

The present Tutorial provides a description of the growth bulk β-Ga2O3 single crystals by Czochralski method with focus on critical aspects. In particular, it details thermodynamics Ga2O3 as key factor for crystal along comprehensive solutions that are essential size scale-up. Also, free carrier absorption is discussed, has great impact stability. direction and intentional doping, important factors growth, described well. All aspects accompanied resulting crystals, their structural quality, basic physical properties.